16 planners for 401(k)s, IRAs, Social Security, FIRE and investment income
Retirement math is compound-interest math with rules attached: contribution limits, employer matches, early-withdrawal penalties, required minimum distributions, and two different tax treatments (Roth and Traditional) whose winner depends on decades-away tax rates. Small differences — one percent more saved, two years earlier, an unclaimed match — compound into six figures. These calculators make each rule and each trade-off visible.
The category spans the whole arc: accumulating (401(k), IRA, HSA-adjacent limits), deciding (Roth vs Traditional, Roth conversions, pension lump sums), withdrawing (RMDs, early-withdrawal penalties, annuity payouts) and the independence math (FIRE and Coast FIRE numbers). Every projection runs privately in your browser.
Your balance at retirement from age, savings and contributions — in today's dollars — plus the monthly income it supports under the 4% rule. Open the Retirement Savings →
Your estimated benefit from career-average earnings via the real bend-point formula — with the 62 / 67 / 70 claiming comparison and break-even ages. Open the Social Security →
The percentage that captures every matching dollar, what it actually costs per paycheck after the tax break, and your combined year-end total against IRS limits. Open the 401k Contribution →
The bracket-now vs bracket-later question answered with equal-outlay math — the only fair way to compare Roth and Traditional accounts. Open the Roth vs Traditional →
The three-layer cost of touching retirement money early: 10% penalty, income tax, and the compounded future value you'll never get back. Open the Early Withdrawal →
This year's RMD from the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table, a ten-year projection of what's coming, and the penalty/QCD rules that surround it. Open the RMD →
Your personal Roth and Traditional IRA answer for 2025: contribution room, deductibility and phaseout math from filing status, income and workplace-plan coverage. Open the IRA Limits →
The pension question answered with two numbers: the return your lump sum must earn to replace the checks, and the age at which the annuity pulls ahead. Open the Pension Lump Sum →
The conversion tax bill at your bracket, how much room you have before the next bracket, and the future-tax comparison that says whether converting pays. Open the Roth Conversion →
Lump sum in, monthly income out — fixed-period math exactly, lifetime (SPIA-style) payouts by age, and the fees-vs-value truth about the annuity aisle. Open the Annuity →
The FIRE number (25× spending), your years-to-freedom from the savings rate, and the lean/regular/fat targets — the whole movement in one calculator. Open the FIRE →
The number that lets compounding finish the job: your Coast FIRE target at any retirement age, your progress, and the date you could stop contributing. Open the Coast FIRE →
Income now from portfolio × yield, income later with dividend growth and DRIP reinvestment compounding — plus the yield-trap warning the brochures skip. Open the Dividend Income →
YTM solved properly from price, coupon and maturity — with current yield, total return, and the premium/discount intuition that makes bond quotes readable. Open the Bond Yield →
Shares and cost basis walked through any sequence of splits, plus the split-adjusted return between two raw prices — the math behind every adjusted chart. Open the Split Returns →
Two funds, decades of compounding, one honest dollar figure: what the expense-ratio difference costs — usually the most shocking table in investing. Open the Expense Ratio →
How to Choose the Right Tool
If you're accumulating, start with the Retirement Savings and 401(k) Contribution calculators — the match-optimization view alone is worth it — and check Roth vs Traditional before choosing an account. Approaching retirement, the Social Security Estimator, Pension Lump Sum analyzer and Annuity Payout calculator frame the income side, while the RMD calculator handles the mandatory withdrawals. FIRE-minded savers should use the FIRE and Coast FIRE tools, and income investors the Dividend Portfolio, Bond Yield and ETF Expense Ratio calculators.
Frequently Asked Questions
What return assumptions do the projections use?
Defaults use widely cited long-run figures (about 7% nominal for diversified stock portfolios, 2–3% inflation), and every rate is editable so you can stress-test pessimistic and optimistic cases.
Are the contribution limits current?
Each tool states the IRS limit year it uses. Limits change annually, so the tools display the assumption right next to the result.
Is this investment advice?
No — these are mathematical projections of the scenarios you enter. They can't know your risk tolerance or full situation. For personalized advice, consult a licensed fiduciary advisor.
Does my financial data stay private?
Yes. Balances, contributions and projections are computed locally in your browser and never uploaded.
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